• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a molten metal sampling device comprising the following components in combination: (i) a porous filter (13); (ii) holding means (9) for said filter; (iii) a hollow conduit (7,10) running from a point adjacent to and below the filter through the holding means to a covered reservoir; and (iv) vacuum means connected to the reservoir (4) through an aperture in the cover (2), the components being positioned in such a manner that molten metal can be drawn through the filter in a downward direction and, then, through the conduit into the reservoir, the improvement comprising: (a) providing a recess (15) in the holding means (9); (b) in the upper portion of the recess, providing a hollow cup (12), snugly fitted, but removable; open at both ends; and with a peripheral seat (18) intermediate of both ends on which the filter (13) resides; (c) providing a removable stopper rod (14), which fits into that portion of the cup (12) above the filter (13); and (d) providing a contiguous lining (8) forthat part of the conduit (7), which will not be submerged in the molten metal, and for the reservoir and its cover, said lining comprising an insulating material inert and essentially impervious to molten metal, but permitting the passage of gases therethrough.
    公开号:SU1274633A3
    申请号:SU823419602
    申请日:1982-02-08
    公开日:1986-11-30
    发明作者:Франклин Пелтон Джон
    申请人:Юнион Карбид Корпорейшн (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to devices for sampling molten cp-units,
    The purpose of the invention is improving the accuracy of sampling and simplifying the operation of the sampler.
    FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed device, the cross section; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.
    A device for sampling molten metal contains a vacuum pump (not shown), a vacuum tube i, a lid 2 of a tank with radial grooves 3, a tank 4 with insulation 5, a rod 6 with tube 7 and insulation 8, a fixture 9 for attaching the filter with tube 10 , a plug P, a filter cup 12, a filter 13 and a locking rod 14.
    Vacuum tube 1, reservoir 4; the tubes 7 and 10 and the filter bowl are connected to each other through various openings. By connecting the device with the vacuum system at the locking position (its rod is in the initial position, the device is lowered into the molten metal, the sample of which must be taken, and immersed to the level located above; e the insulation starts 8, i.e. the lowest point achieved insulating the rod 6, and the vertical axes of both the rod 6 and the locking rod 14 are located almost perpendicular to the metal surface.
    J
    The device is immersed to a point j located above the beginning of the insulation, at a distance of half above the insulation 8, in order to prevent aluminum from curing before it enters the tank, and also to heat the tube 7 and 10 to the temperature sufficient melting of the aluminum remaining from the previous sample. After the submerged part has been heated to the melting temperature, the locking rod 14 is pushed. The liquid meter passes through the filter 13, tubes 7 and 10 and enters the tank 4, As the molten metal through the filter portion solids ITA depending on size and degree of sticking zaderlai vayuts filter or inside it. After filling the tank, the device is removed from the melt allowing; to whom
    746332
    the metal is cooled and solidified, after which the vacuum pump is turned off.
    Good results after removing the device from the melt are obtained by using a simple cooling device, such as an adjacent graphite block or an air jet directed to the device for mounting the filter at a point
    ) below the filter 13, which contributes to the solidification of the metal in the longitudinal direction from the bottom to the top.
    At the same time, there is free adhesion in the zone located above the filter 13,
    J5 enters the voids and fills them in this zone. After cooling the device, the filter beaker 12 together with the filter 13 and the hardened metal Bbfflie and below the filter 13 withdraw
    20 of the filter attachment device is crushed and analyzed by standard metallurgical methods, and the particles remaining on and inside the filter can be measured, counted, analyzed and photographed.
    The filter 13 is fixed with cement in a tapered glass 1 2 filter in a peripheral mount 5.
    The back of the cup 12 is open at both ends. This provides such an additional device, which can be installed in the main device, and then after the end of the procedure, the sampling can be removed together with the selected sample.
    For this, the filter attachment device has a narrowing socket. Or a niche that includes the filter cup 12. The filter bowl 12 is designed such that mounting metal rods, located above and below the filter, enter it, so that during the curing and subsequent manipulations, these rods are not separated from the filter 13, since the separation from the filter makes subsequent evaluation of the sample difficult. Filter 3 is resting on mounts 15 or protrusion B to the wall of the filter cup 12.
    The mounting holes 16 are made above and below the filter 18.
    The mounting holes 16 (as four of them) drill 12 filters in the glass wall. These holes can be drilled through through the filter and above the filter. Drilled through holes are undesirable.
    since they may cause the filter surface to become dirty with an external source.
    In addition, even if there are fastening holes 16, the formation of voids in the metal above the filter 13 leads to the separation of the metal from the filter or the separation of the filter from the underlying metal, if one admits the adhesion of the metal in the upper part of the filter cup (or its edge) due to the overflow . This undesirable effect can be reduced by imparting the upper edge 17 of the filter cup to a specified shape, for example, making a slope and corner curve at the top, so that most of the liquid metal flows through the edge 17 of the filter cup 12 after removing the device from the melt.
    Typical slopes that can be applied have a deviation of 2030 below the horizontal axis, and the dimensions of the corner curves are 0.32-0.15 cm.
    The filter bowl 12 and the seat 18 are sized to fit so that when the filter bowl is pushed by hand into the seat, a sufficiently tight seal is provided that does not require any cementing. After use, the filter bowl 12 can be removed first by twisting it to break the connection of the filter bowl with the filter attachment device 9. The removal of the glass, as well as the installation of a new filter glass, contributes to filling the entire space of the socket 18 under the filter glass 12 with a stopper 11, prepared, for example, from insulating paper based on ceramic fibers or a napkin.
    The plug should have a hole in the center for the free flow of metal. Instead of the plug 11, hollow cylinders open at both ends or washers can be used, and the proposed plugs in such a definition include these and other equivalent devices. The plugs should be made of a material that does not melt or decompose under the action of the molten metal, and is also impermeable to the liquid metal under the conditions used.
    In addition, the plugs are made of a material capable of being compressed.
    therefore, lix sizes slightly exceed the amount of space they fill. Thus, the melt essentially does not fall into this space, with the exception of the central hole mentioned above.
    This opening is large enough to allow the metal to flow unhindered during the sampling.
    0 As a result, a metal cork is formed, which can be easily destroyed while taking out the glass and then cut off.
    Recommended material for
    5 of the filter used in the molten metal environment is porous graphite. However, graphite is not very readily wetted with liquid metal. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a pressure sufficient to overcome the surface tension in order to cause the penetration of the liquid metal into the pores of the filter, and the smaller these pores, the greater the pressure required by the 5 MO to effect such penetration. Since the procedure used for sampling gives the best results at atmospheric pressure, pressure only in one atmosphere is used to push the liquid metal through the pores of the filter. Thus, this procedure. The fool imposes a restriction on the lower pr. of the pore size of the filter used in the device. Prin in
    5 attention to this limit, apply filters with the smallest pores capable of trapping the smallest particles of inclusion. Filters should have pore sizes that allow the liquid metal to be pushed through the pores at one-way pressure.
    In order to create a fast, uniform and tight start of liquid flow, the locking rod 14 is pulled out only under full vacuum, i.e. upon receipt of the highest vacuum that a vacuum pump can create.
    0 Flowing in liquid with some impact on the surface of the filter helps to start filtering.
    To facilitate the extension of the rod 14, its diameter is recommended
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    5 such that the force applied to extend the rod from the filter beaker 12 makes it easy to carry out this operation manually. The typical pore size of fichGr is 30–60 MKMJ in diameter; the diameter of the bar is 0.96-1.27 cm; the diameter of the filter cup in its upper part is 1.92, 54 cm. With the exception of filter 13, plug 11 and insulation 5 and 8, the device can be made of the following materials: the part in contact with the metal in the bath must be resistant to the action of the liquid metal; if this metal is aluminum, then graphite is a suitable material. In addition, ceramic materials can be used. The tank and other parts that are not in contact with the melt may be steel, stainless steel is recommended for long-term use. The filter and other parts of the device, immersed during the sampling into the liquid metal, are heated to the melting temperature before advancing the locking rod 14 and remain at that temperature and during the sampling. Other parts of the apparatus, for example, the reservoir 4 and the part of the rod 6 that are not immersed in the liquid, can quickly become clogged due to their low temperature by the solidifying metal. To avoid such an initial freezing without attaching an external heat source, these parts of the device are insulated from the inside with insulating material impermeable to the molten metal, such as ceramic fiber paper, in particular Fiberfrax paper No. 970-, manufactured by Carborundum (Carborundum Co), having a normal thickness (uncompressed) 0.32. See Another available material that can be used for insulation is ceramic fiber paper manufactured by Babcock and Wilcoh, Company. The tube 7 has a larger diameter in its upper part, which is isolated, and a smaller diameter in the non-insulated lower part. Insulation 8 covers the upper section of tube 7 in the part that is immersed in the metal, as well as in the part that is not immersed in the metal. The reason why the device is immersed in the metal at half the isolation depth has been explained above. The narrowing of the tube 7 pursues the relief of the fracture of the metal. After curing, the metal core in the insulated section of the rod 6 can be rolled up and pulled out due to a fracture occurring at the beginning of the tapered part of the rod. Due to this, this part of the rod is cleaned from the metal, which would not be able to melt during the next immersion of the device in the molten metal, which allows this part to be used again. After the metal has been removed and the device has been removed from the melt, the metal in the filter bowl hardens, preferably in the direction from the bottom of the filter bowl to its upper part. It is desirable that when the m-tal transitions from a liquid to a solid state, if possible, avoid moving the liquid through the filter downward and prevent movement in the opposite direction. Too much flow through the filter does not leave metal in its upper part, which makes subsequent evaluation difficult. As a result of the reverse movement, a layer of filtered solids rises, which again makes the subsequent collision difficult and even impossible. The regulation of the fluid flow in the transition period is carried out by the design of the cover 2 of the tank. The tank 4 is covered with the insulation 5, exactly the same as that used for the insulation of the rod 6. It is desirable that the insulation used is sufficiently porous to allow the gases to flow freely out. devices in the vacuum tube 1, to be sure that the gas meets the minimum resistance, radial grooves 3 are made on the bottom surface of the tank cover 2, converging to the central opening of the cover 2, which is attached to the vacuum tube 5 "Under the cover 2 there is an insulator 5, usually in the form of a disk, the reservoir itself has a cylindrical shape. No holes are made in the insulation. When the liquid metal reaches the insulation under cover 2, its flow stops because the metal cannot pass through the insulation. However, some part of the metal membrane can pass between the insulation of the cover and the side insulation. Then this metal will be directed along the grooves 3 to the central hole in the lid, and due to contact with the relatively cold lid 2, the metal will harden without reaching the hole in the v-ryshka and not having time to plug it. The lid 2 is part of the tank 4 and this entire tank 4, including the lid 2, is covered with the insulation 5 except for the opening connected to the tube 7. The insulation is carried out. As a rule, they are not one, but several pieces of material. In order to accelerate the lining of the insulation, the fibers of the paper from the keep hair and other insulation materials are bonded to each other using an organic binder. Due to the heat from the molten metal, this organic matter is evaporated or pyrolyzed, and the resulting gases are removed through the opening in the lid 2 and the vacuum tube 1. The formation of this gas can continue for some time after the tank is filled with metal. The device is designed in such a way that the resulting gases are freely released without creating any pressure in the tank, since the pressure in the tank would push the liquid metal out of the tank in the opposite direction through the filter. Free removal of gases can be achieved by arranging the pads or wipes used for insulation, in which each of them is in contact with the next. Insulation 5 from the contacting parts of the insulation, together with the radial grooves 3, form a continuous channel for venting gas from any part of the insulation to the opening of the cover 2 even when the device is completely filled with metal. The sampling device is generally mounted on a base frame, on which there are devices for securing the device, a device for lowering and lifting from the melt, and devices for continuously weighing the device during the sampling. 338 The frame structure itself is ordinary and its description is not given here, except for the description of the adaptive weighing scientific institute, which are important for taking a sample. As the device is filled with metal, the device increases in weight. When registering an increase in the weight of the device during the sampling, it is possible to get a clear picture of the flow of liquid metal from the very beginning to the kng that cannot be observed visually due to the melt opacity. In this way, it is immediately possible to determine whether the metal passes through the filter or not after the locking rod extends from the filter cup. In addition, it can be said when the tank 4 was filled with metal, or the flow of metal into the tank 4 was stopped until it was completely filled. By measuring the change in weight of the device over time during sampling, it is possible to get an idea of the flow rate of the metal through the filter during the entire sampling time. Weighing is recommended to be carried out by fastening the device to the gauge-. This unit, which in turn is connected to the main frame through a system of leaf springs. The movement of the camera of the measuring unit relative to the main one is measured on the dial scale. The camera movement is associated with a known constitial spring and can be used to effect weight changes. All this is a matter of simple mechanical installation, but weighing can be carried out using other devices j such as torque sensors of various types. An important element of the weighing process is the proper handling of the locking rod 14. After it is pulled out of the filter bowl, the rod hangs on the measuring unit in approximately the same vertical position as in the initial position, which ensures the same degree of immersion in the liquid metal. . Thus, the common weight, as measured by the measuring device, is not affected by the extension of the locking rod 14, and the previously noted reference point of the beginning of weighing is maintained. Claim 1. A device for sampling a molten metal, containing a sample collection, an inlet chamber, is installed below the sample collection, connected to it by a channel and equipped with a porist filter and a channel for entering the melt located above the filter, characterized in that increase sampling accuracy and simplify the operation of the sampler, it is equipped with a device for mounting the filter, the inlet chamber is made in the form of a line located in the device for mounting the filter, equipped with an upper part a glass located in a niche without a gap that can be removed, opened at both ends and fitted with fasteners located in the side walls, the device is equipped with a retractable locking rod installed in the upper part of the cup, the sample collection is provided with a lid and lining an inert material, while the lining is also located in the upper part of the channel connecting it to the inlet; The device is equipped with a device for creating a vacuum, connecting with a sample collector through a hole in the lid, about 15–20 2S 3Q 3310. 2, the device according to claim. I, o, f l is determined by the fact that the filter is made of graphite. 3, the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall of the glass is made with mounting holes drilled below and above the filter. 4, The device according to claim i, about tl. Tchtechusche t €; m, that the upper end of the glass has a beveled and rounded outer edge. 5. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the N1G1I is provided with a hollow plug with an aperture made of an inert and impermeable material for the molten metal. 6. The device according to claim 5, about which the upper part of the channel connecting the sample collector to the input chamber is made with a larger diameter than its lower part, and is provided with an insulation. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lid has at least one radial groove on the side of the reservoir that extends from the edge of the keyhole to the opening to it.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/233,110|US4366721A|1981-02-10|1981-02-10|Molten metal sampling device|
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